The Hawaiian Trail and Mountain Club

Leptospirosis Information

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Leptospirosis:

A bacterial disease that is transmitted from animals to humans. Rats and mice are the most important carriers in Hawaii. Domestic animals can also transmit the disease Leptospira bacteria can survive for long periods in fresh water and mud. They enter the body through the nose, mouth, eyes or broken skin, or an open cut or wound. People usually do not transmit Leptospirosis to other people.

How are people infected?

Swimming or wading in freshwater ponds or streams contaminated with animal urine. Drinking contaminated fresh water. Contact with moist soil or vegetation contaminated with animal urine. Direct contact with urine or blood of infected animals.

Steps to avoid getting Leptospirosis

Do not swim, wade or play in fresh water when you have cuts or abrasions. When swimming, do not place your head underwater. Do not drink stream water without boiling or chemically treating it.

Symptoms:

May occur 2 to 20 days after being exposed
Are often mild and may resemble the flu

	Fever		Chills
	Diarrhea 	Headache
	Nausea		Red Eyes
	Vomiting	Sweating
	Body Pains	Weakness
	Loss of Appetite

Other more serious symptoms:

	Stiff Neck	Delirium
	Jaundice	Kidney Failure
	Heart Failure	Liver Swelling

If you think you have symptoms of Leptospirosis, see a doctor right away. Tell the doctor of any recent animal or fresh water contact. Antibiotic treatment may be effective if the disease is diagnosed early. This information is for hikers. There are other important considerations for those at risk through activities other than hiking. Contact the State Department of Health for further information.

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jy 10/99